Chinese Whispers Essays

Chinese Whispers Essays Chinese Whispers Paper Chinese Whispers Paper Inform your response with reference to the novels narrative structure, James use of language to characterise the governess and your knowledge of the texts historical, cultural and critical context This essay will argue that neither the governess nor her narrative is reliable. This essay will argue its case by looking at the narrative structure, Henry Jamess use of language to characterise the governess and will also refer to other historical, cultural and critical opinions of the novel. Through all this, the essay will show how the story we are reading is not an ideal source of true events and then by looking at the psychological state of the Governess, this essay will show why she shouldnt be believed either. The story starts of with a man named Douglas telling a story to guests at a dinner party. It is from a manuscript passed down to him by the governess before she died. The manuscript tells us the main story of the governess. The story is set in the late 19th Century and is about the governess who is now in charge of the care of two orphans. Although the children seem to be well behaved and affectionate at first, she becomes more and more uneasy as she starts to see ghosts of her predecessors * The first point this essay will pick up on is the narrative unreliability. As the essay has briefly explained already, we are not getting that story directly from the governess. Instead the Turn of the Screw is one of the guests at the party, telling us the story which Douglas gave him which came from a manuscript given to him by the governess, which she wrote about her experience at Bly over twenty years ago, phew. Douglas said it was long ago Because this story has gone through so many people, there will probably be a Chinese Whispers effect, meaning that parts of the story have been subject to change since the events happened. Douglas also says that this narrative is from an extract of my own much later. This means that the story has been prone to alteration by the people passing it on and so we are probably not getting the true story of events. This greatly undermines the narrative reliability as its structure indicates that some parts of the narrative have been altered while others have been forgotten. The governess also wrote this as a retrospective account of events. She comments on her dreadful liability and how her story is true enough. The manuscript was written by the governess after events had occurred. She also says that I scarce know how to put my story into words. This is another example of how parts of the actual series of events are missed showing how we cant rely on this narrative to give us the true and exact series of events. Not only could parts have been forgotten, but parts could also have been added. There are examples where you can tell the governess has added parts to her narrative. She will often come up with massive long speeches that give the impression that she is in control: No, never from the hour you came back. You seemed so perfectly to accept the present. She also includes signposts in her narrative e. g the separation of the governess and Miles from Mrs Grose and Flora Mrs Grose and Flora had passed into the church We were for a minute alone If parts have been added to cover up her mistakes, then perhaps other things may have been removed disproving her claims. This therefore undermines the narrative reliability. The perspective in which the governesses story is written also undermines the narrative reliability. As it is written in the 1st person by the governess, the entire narrative is subject to the governesses influence and her influence alone. She uses plenty of 1st person pronouns I remember it which proves this is her personal account of events. She refers to her story with the words the strings of my invention This gives the impression that this story is her puppet and she has full control over it. We should not trust this story as it is heavily subjectivised and therefore it is unlikely that it will be entirely correct. There is only one other character in the story who could give us an extra perspective on events: Mrs Grose. However, Mrs Grose is being manipulated by the governess throughout the book. The governess admits she had formed the habit of keeping Grose well in hand. There are also examples where Mrs Grose takes on the governesses reasoning after being pressured by the governess Lord how I pressed her now. We only get the governesses perspective and any interjections from the interlocutor Mrs Grose are likely to be influenced by the governess. It also seems that the other characters in the book cannot be relied on for the truth.

A Hologram for the King by Dave Eggers essays

A Hologram for the King by Dave Eggers essays When I read A Hologram for the King, I noticed different aspects that I would like to develop. In my opinion, this book is about much more than just the decay of American business. Its about the life of a poor man who tries to deal with his difficult situation. So before beginning, lets have a short summary. Alan Clay, an ex-consultant and a victim of the Recession, is now a 54-years-old business man hired by Reliant in order to present a new technology, a holographic teleconference system, to the King Abdullah. By landing this contact, he would solve all his money problems as he is a debt?ridden man. Across the book and the wait for the king to come, Alan remembers his past and wonders about his purpose in the life. First of all, in my opinion, this story is about the nothingness both physical and psychological. On one hand, we can talk about a real physical desert because the whole story takes place in Saudi Arabia, which is not known for its luxury forests but for its small shrubs which dont need a lot of water. More particularly, the story takes place in King Abdullah Economic City which, according to the book, comprises only three buildings. For a city-to-be, its a kind of desert. The landscape was flat and blank. Anything built here, an unrelenting desert, was an act of sheer will imposed on territory unsuited for habitation. (A Hologram for the King, p34) They drove a mile before they arrived at a modest gate, a pair of stone arches over the road, a great dome atop it all. It was as if someone had built a road through unrepentant desert, and then erected a gate somewhere in the middle, to imply the end of one thing and the beginning of another. It was hopeful but unconvincing. (A Hologra m for the King, p40) On the other hand, when I talk about psychological nothingness, I allude to Alans life and relations. Hes divorced from his wife, Ruby,...

Injustice of the justice system Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Injustice of the justice system - Essay Example The first mode of injustice is evident among the Virginia Police department that was undertaking investigations in relation to this case. It is evident that their investigations were conducted in a manner that coerced the four men to confess that they had committed the crime. To begin with, during the process of interrogation, the police claimed that they had evidence and could prove that the four men were responsible for the rape and the murder. In the video, various ways that were used to coerce the four men to admit that they had committed the crime are elaborated. The first mode used by the police investigators is through application of high level pressure interrogation methods for instance: Yelling at suspects and continuously calling them lairs. Moreover, the police also kept the four men in custody and kept threatening them of death sentences as well as severe torture techniques like depriving them of sleep. In addition, the video explicit how the police interrogators used false accusations after undertaking polygraph tests insisting that the four accused persons were lying and had failed their polygraph tests. This made the suspects became emotionally and mentally worn-out thus leading to their false confessions. There is also information in the video in regard to the manner by, which police pressured interrogation confuses suspects and compels them to admit that they had committed crime and implicates other close friend for example: In the video, Dick one of the Norfolk four accepts that he was confused by the polices’ hypotheses and interrogations thus, was compelled to implicate his fellow sailor, Wilson, who confessed ultimately. Another form of injustice the justice system is depicted by the manner by, which the police apply coerce guilty persons to confess that they had committed crime together with other

Competitors of Trading Company in Singapore Assignment

Competitors of Trading Company in Singapore - Assignment Example The company’s portfolio consists of an impressive collection of about forty premium beer brands which includes famous brands like Heineken, ABC Extra shot, Barons Strong Dew etc. The company represents the premium Netherlands based brand Heineken in about sixty markets which are spread across ten nations of the globe. The company has achieved credible quality certifications like the ISO 9001: 2000, â€Å"Critical Control Point† and â€Å"Hazard Analysis† recognition as a mark of its strive towards marinating high-quality standard in the products. The firm has been consistently rated by many organizations including KPMG for providing excellent quality products and consistently adding value for its customers (Asia Pacific Breweries Ltd, 2010). Chiap Seng & Co is a Singapore based company which is engaged in importing food items from various nations. The company was established in the year 1958 and has carved a niche for itself in the Singapore market. The product portfolio of the firm is quite varied and includes food kinds of stuff like oils, bottled grocer, canned foods, preserved foods, dry fruits etc. In addition to these products, the company also imports products like vermicelli, olive, pork etc from various nations across the globe. The company has expanded over the years and is presently engaged in exporting and whole selling goods in the Singapore market in addition to importing premium quality branded food items into the nation (Chiap Seng & Co, 2002). Wine Boss is a wine importing firm based in Singapore. It is incorporated as Wine Boss Trading Pte Ltd. The company is engaged in the import of quality wines from Australia, USA, France, Argentina and Spain. The firm imports premium branded wines from these nations and sells them to various channels in Singapore. The company also provides special customized packages for its customers. This includes providing wine arrangements at parties, clubs, and hotels.  

Vultures and Two Scavengers in a Truck, Two Beautiful People in a Mercedes Essay Example for Free

Vultures and Two Scavengers in a Truck, Two Beautiful People in a Mercedes Essay At a first glimpse of these two poems you would think that they were very different and about completely opposite things. But when you read each poem and understand each of there messages and meanings you will find that they are, in fact, alike in many ways. Both Vultures and Two Scavengers in a Truck, Two Beautiful People in a Mercedes are both comparative poems. Vultures is comparing nature with evil, and Scavengers is comparing rich to poor. The structure of Scavengers and Vultures is different yet alike in some ways. In Scavengers the poet talks about the Scavengers in a truck and then the beautiful people in a Mercedes, similarly the poet of Vultures describes a vulture first and then the Commandant at Belsen second. Both poets illustrate the rich and the poor, evil and nature separately, one after the other. In Scavengers there is an opening stanza, a descriptive stanza then a final closing stanza, throughout this poem in switches from the Scavengers to the beautiful people rapidly, comparing and contrasting them; whereas in Vultures there are four stanzas, the first describing a vulture, the second joining the vulture and commandant together, the forth describing the commandant and the final one joining the two together again and ending the poem. Both poems are non traditional in that neither of them begin every line with a capital letter. Scavengers has no punctuation but some lines begin with a capital letter implying a sentence structure. In scavengers the lines are indented in an irregular manner to create an affect; the affect is to break up the poem on the page, in the same way that the people in the poem are separated by lifestyles. Vultures has very little punctuation and is written in a narrative style. The lines are very short so that on the page the poem looks rigidly set left with two indentations where stanzas begin but without a break on the page as is usual. This is to emphasize the rigid nature of the concentration camp. Chinuna Achebe, the poet of Vultures, uses imagery to create the picture of the ugly bird Bashed in head rooted in a dumb of gross feathers This description give you a vivid portrait of a vulture, the poet also portrays a vulture as a monstrous animal, They picked the eyes of a swollen corpse and ate the things in its bowels These descriptive phrases create an image of an evil bird, which she then goes on to compare to a commandant, saying that this evil man is so much worse than a vulture. This is very effective because the reader already has an awful image of a vulture in their head and then to say that this man is as evil if not more gives great impact to the reader. Likewise the poet of Scavengers also uses imagery to describe the different people in the poem. Grey iron hair and hunched back, like some gargoyle Quasimodo A hip three-piece linen suit with shoulder length blond hair These two descriptions of the different people are very contrasting not just in appearance but the poet also uses these descriptions to show the different lifes these people live. The poet of Scavengers uses repetition to build up effect. In the opening stanza, when describing the beautiful people in a Mercedes, the poet uses the word elegant to describe both the car and the couple. Lawrence Ferlinghetti, the poet of Scavengers, uses repetition here to convey how rich and important these people are. In the same way the poet of Vultures uses alliteration. The drizzle of one despondent dawn This is to construct the depressed feeling of the vulture and to set the tone of the poem. Both poets use similes and metaphors to display a vivid image. In Scavengers Lawrence Ferlinghetti uses a simile to describe the older of the two Scavengers, Like some gargoyle Quasimodo The reference to Quasimodo has great effect because people already know the story of the Hunchback of Notre Dame and he is portrayed as being an ugly creature, so the implication is that the scavenger is of the same nature. In the same way, the poet of Vultures uses similar techniques when describing a vulture, Bone of a dead tree Here Chinua Achebe uses metaphorical images of death to confirm in the readers mind the grotesque bird which she is describing; also the image of death corresponds with the cruelty the commandant imposes upon others. Another example of the effective use of language in Vultures is her use of the idea of the cremated people as being like a roast meal and then going on to pick up the idea by referring to his tender child. The poet of Scavengers uses a powerful metaphor to bring the poem to an end. Across that small gulf in the high seas of this democracy I think that this last sentence is like the key to the whole poem. I believe the poet is mocking the American democracy by sarcastically referring to democracy which implies equality; having shown that these two sets of people can never be equal. He draws attention to the importance of this last sentence by using similar sounding words seas and democracy. I perceive the underlying message behind the political meaning to be one of hope because towards the end he says, As if anything at all were possible I think he means in the future equality may be possible. The point the poet is trying to make in vultures is that while we may not like what vultures do, it is there nature to do those things but for a human to behave in a similar way is inhuman. His behaviour is compared with a normal human in his relationship with his child. The very last stanza invites the reader to think about whether this humanity is good, because even somebody who acts in a monstrous way can also act in a human like way, or bad, because it shows that ordinary people can act in an evil way. I think both poems are trying to show the readers how others live. They describe the different hardships people have to live with, being discriminated against, not having rights or equality. The two poems prove that the world is not a perfect place and that we shouldnt take everyday possibilities for granted, because some people dont get chances.

Similarities Between Dick Diver and Abe North in Tender is the Night Es

Similarities Between Dick Diver and Abe North in Tender is the Night      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Dick Diver and Abe North are characters in F. Scott Fitzgerald’s novel, Tender is the Night. As presented in the beginning of the novel, Dick Diver and Abe North did not seem to have much in common.   As the character of Dick Diver developed, the reader found the characters to be parallel to each other. There were numerous unexpected similarities as the novel progressed. The presentation of Abe North's character â€Å"served as a preview to the fate of Dick Diver†(Stern, 117). The characters' deterioration, relationships with their wives, and their effects on the other characters were some of the main similarities between Dick Diver and Abe North.    At the start of the novel the characters of Dick Diver and Abe North seemed to contrast. Dick was hospitable and admired by many. Meanwhile, Abe had already deteriorated in character. The first thing that was said about Abe was negative. When Abe first appeared Mrs. McKisco conveyed her opinion of him to Rosemary, "Well, he's a rotten musician." (Fitzgerald, 8). This statement was related to the lack of progress in Abe's profession as clarified by Brady, "he was a musician who after a brilliant and precocious start had composed nothing for seven years." (Fitzgerald, 33). Proceeding from these descriptions, Abe character was reduced to a pitiful drunkard. However, Abe was not always the "loser" as Nicole pointed out, "Abe used to be so nice... So nice. Long ago-when Dick and I were first married. If only you had known him then." (Fitzgerald, 99).    At this point of the novel it seems that Dick has control of his life in comparison to Abe North. Yet, Dick's own career was stagnant. Unlike Abe howe... ...gradation were parallel. A comment made by Nicole in the beginning of the novel now appears to be a forecast on the fate of Dick and Abe, "So many smart men go to pieces nowadays." (Fitzgerald, 99).    Works Cited and Consulted: Bruccoli, Matthew J. The Composition of Tender Is the Night. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1963. Fitzgerald, F. Scott. Tender is the Night. New York: Collier Books. 1982. Grenberg, Bruce L. "Fitzgerald's 'Figured Curtain': Personality and History in Tender Is the Night." In Critical Essays on F. Scott Fitzgerald's Tender Is the Night, ed. Milton R. Stern. Boston: G. K. Hall, 1986. LaHood, Marvin J., ed. Tender Is the Night: Essays in Criticism. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1969. Stern, Milton R., ed. Critical Essays on F. Scott Fitzgerald's Tender Is the Night. Boston: Hall, 1986.      

Lack of Proper Management Practices in the Roaring Dragon Hotel

Roaring Dragon Hotel, a state owned enterprise, was one of the reputed 3 star hotels in China. This case study is about the conflict aroused by taking over of a former C Lack of proper management practices brought down the vibrant history and reputation of Roaring Dragon hotel, which was a premium hotel in south-west China. Hotel International was given the responsibility to transform the Chinese hotel to a modern market oriented organization, to improve its potential. Problem Though the problem areas of the Organizational culture are identified, management failed to manage the Cultural Differences of Expatriate Managers and Employees. The employees faced severe conflicts in adapting the changes made by the new management; consequently they lost their significance, motivation and developed a feeling of insecurity over the top management decisions. Opportunities The change in Management has brought an excellent opportunity to change the deeply entrenched non-productive work behavior and modernize the Hotel to international recognition by proper training, motivation and trust which also generate profits and deliver the quality of service. Recommendations. Inculcating a manager who is thrown out with the Chinese Culture and including the locals in the Management, taking the Employees into confidence by salary hikes, identifying their hard work, and also make sure the change is properly communicated to the Employees through right cha Conclusion Strategy was good initiative but they failed to capitalize it by not taking into account Locals Culture and improper communication between Expatriate Managers and Employees. HI would have improved the communication between the managers and employees by paying more attention to rted following the Guanxi management rather than HI management.

How does Mark Haddon use the first person narration in The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time? Essay

In the words of Christopher Boone ‘The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night – time’ is a ‘’murder mystery novel’’. This book takes you on a surprisingly effective journey through the world of 15 year old Christopher suffering from Asperger’s syndrome; a boy who turns to mathematics for comfort, who cannot eat foods if they are touching on his plate, and who judges the potential success of his day by the number of similarly coloured cars that pass him on the way to school. The story of the murder of Mrs Shears’s dog is told from Christopher’s perspective. Author, Mark Haddon’s use of the first person narrative is effective in the way in which it enables us to enter Christopher’s mind, it equally creates problems for the reader†¦ Throughout the novel, it becomes clear for us that Christopher finds it difficult to portray emotion or vice versa to read other people’s emotions. The fact that Christopher has Asperger’s syndrome adds to his inability to relate to how other people feel. As a result of this Christopher sees life in a very logical way and tends to describe things in lots of detail. This lack of understanding is highlighted during the novel. Initially the way Christopher fails to understand Mrs Shears’s anger and horror at the discovery of her dog, and later his lack of understanding for his father’s unhappiness and regret. ‘’There was a policeman and a policewoman. The policewoman had a little hole in her tights on her left ankle and a red scratch in the middle of the hole.’’ This quote shows Christopher’s logic and understanding and how he failed to realise that the policewoman had been hurt. The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time is a murder mystery novel. Christopher tells us how he does not ‘’like proper novels.’’ The first person narration is good for the reader because it’s as if you are travelling with Christopher on a journey and you are there with him all the time in the book. As a reader you feel this way because in the book the ‘major’ events unfold to you and Christopher at the same time so as a character Christopher is facing new experiences, whilst you the reader are getting a shock. The reader and Christopher are both kept in the dark for the same amount of time until the truth gets revealed. ‘’Then I stopped reading the letter because I felt sick. Mother had not had a heart attack. Mother had not died. Mother had been alive all the time.’’ This quote shows the time when Christopher finds out that his mother had not been dead, and in fact alive. His reaction to this is not e xactly ‘vivid’ however as a reader you could imagine in your head that moment and picture his facial expressions. Mark Haddon’s use of the first person narrator makes the story seem more realistic as it lets the reader get an insight into not just Christopher’s but most of the character’s emotions. Even though Christopher himself doesn’t tend to show much emotion you can still paint an image in your head of what he is feeling, this is because of the way he narrates. The small yet detail he gives you along the story is beneficial as it enables you to become close to Christopher and understand him as a character. The details he notices of other people tend to be their body language; this information helps the reader to understand how other characters feel. Christopher finds it hard to read emotions and gets confused when he can’t think properly, as a reader you can relate to his frustration because of the way he responds to people and their actions. ‘’What else did I say Christopher? I thought that this might be a rhetorical question, but I wasn†™t sure. I found it hard to work out what to say because I was starting to get scared and confused.’’ The downside to Mark Haddon’s use of first person narration is that the reader cannot fully experience what other people are feeling. The reader is restricted to mainly Christopher’s feelings and emotions as the book is written from his perspective. The fact that it is written from Christopher’s point of view means that everything we find out has already been processed through Christopher as he is the narrator. The disadvantage of this is that because Christopher has Asperger’s syndrome, it is harder for him to understand things like jokes and metaphors. ‘’ This will not be a funny book. I cannot tell jokes because I do not understand them.’’ This could be bad for the reader because Christopher is a very literal person so it is hard for him to add humour into the book and for that reason readers may not enjoy the fact it is written in first person. Christopher tends to focus on other small details which seem relevant to him but as readers you feel as if sometimes it is just completely off topic. Another reason why Mark Haddon’s use of first person narration is not suitable is that, when Christopher narrates he tends to digress alot. When he talks he sticks to the topic however moments later he is narrating about another topic. ‘’Marilyn vos Savant said that you should always change and pick the final door because the chances are 2 in 3 that there will be a car behind the door.’’ This quote was taken from a chapter which started off by Christopher talking about why he liked maths and how his teacher said that Christopher liked maths ‘’because it was safe.’’ The chapter ended with a tree diagram showing outcomes of a game show, where the topic started, and where it ended were in two quite different places! In conclusion, I think that Mark Haddon has successfully written this book in first person although if the book was written in third person we would gather more information from all characters and their feelings, alternatively, as it is written in first person, Mark Haddon tells Christopher’s story with warmth and humour which makes us see Christopher’s problems at the same time that we experience everyone else’s frustrations in dealing with him. By having Christopher as a narrator it allows you to enjoy those situations that may happen in real life. The suspense that builds up throughout the story is great as it keeps you on the edge of your seat as you don’t know what is going to happen next! I personally enjoyed reading this book from Christopher’s point of view as it lets you imagine how people deal with Asperger’s syndrome as well as how they act with the syndrome. The first person narration is effective because I think it made the book seem more realistic because in reality that is probably what would happen, if you were to go onto a train for the first time alone then you would most likely be scared.†Then the train wobbled a lot and I had to hang onto a rail and we went into a tunnel and it was noisy and I closed my eyes and I could feel the blood pumping in the sides of my neck.’’ I think the way in which the author has captured Christopher’s emotion and feelings is unique because as a reader I first thought It was boring to be reading a book from his point of view, however as the story went on I realised that it is quite fascinating to be reading from someone who has Asperger’s syndrome. Overall I thought this book was quite extraordinary and the first person narration was used quite effectively.

11 IT essays

Post 9/11 IT essays When reflecting upon the horrendous attacks suffered by our nation on September 11, 2001 it would be extremely difficult to choose one aspect of American culture that has been exceedingly and notably affected to greater an extent than another. So many things have changed, diminished or been developed in the interim since this tragic event. Lives have been inexplicably altered out of both fear and protection. This holds true in the Information Technology realm as much as it does in airport security. Great measures are being taken in the IT field in order to ensure privacy while not detracting from our liberties, On the morning of September 11 the twin towers stood silent, then ablaze and by the end of the day smoldering on the floor of lower Manhattan. Two hundred and thirty miles south, in Washington D.C., the Pentagon also had succumbed to the attack of the formidable terrorists. It did not lay in ruin but had been heavily damaged. Amongst the rubble of these three buildings lay the innocent victims of terrorism. Also amongst the rubble lay technological products containing irreplaceable information. These attacks displaced 1,000,000 users, destroyed 3.5 million data lines and greater than 3 million switch circuits. Important data files were lost as well as paper documents that had not yet made their way into the digital realm. Pertaining to the technological aspect, much of the information could have been prevented from being lost. With a countless number of business being housed in the World Trade Center certainly also housed in this former capital strong hold were important business documents. Companies did not effectively backup their materials in order to prevent the loss of such a large amount of information. The utilization of data warehouses could have helped ease the tumultuous task of reorganizing and replacing data following September 11th. Data warehouses allow companies to store information in v...

Who Should Get a Graduation Announcement

Who Should Get a Graduation Announcement Different degrees take different amounts of time to complete, which means it can be hard for your friends and family to keep track of just when youll be receiving your diploma. Sending graduation announcements can be a fun and exciting way to let everyone know you finally reached your goal and will soon be an official college graduate. But who exactly is everyone? After all, there are only so many announcements you can buy, address, and stamp.   While family and friends are a good place to start, remember that there is no official right or wrong list: only the right or wrong list for your particular situation. Immediate Family Members For some students, parents and siblings are their primary support network during their time in school. And even though parents and siblings may know the date and time of your graduation ceremony, make sure they receive an official announcement so that they have something tangible to mark and commemorate this important occasion. Extended Family Grandparents, aunts, uncles, and cousins whom you may not see every day, but who are a part of your life, will be excited to receive your graduation announcement. Even if they are too far away to attend the actual ceremony, theyll want to know the details and see the official announcement. If there are people beyond blood relatives you consider family, you might want to add those important people to your graduation announcement list as well. Childhood Friends Clearly, you dont need to send announcements to your friends on campus, but close friends from your pre-college days or those who live far away might want to see your announcement and send you a congratulatory text message. Important Teachers, Religious Leaders, and Mentors Did you have a high school teacher who really made a difference in your life? A pastor or spiritual leader who helped encourage you along the way? Or perhaps a family friend who mentored you and helped you to get to where you are today? Sending an announcement to these important people is a great way to acknowledge all they did as well as show them how much their influence really made a difference in your life. Graduation Announcements vs. Invitations A graduation invitation is an invite to the ceremony held by your school. On the other hand, a graduation announcement provides details about your degree and achievement, without inviting recipients to the ceremony. Most colleges limit the number of people students can bring to the ceremony, so graduation announcements serve the purpose of keeping your extended family informed without extending a specific invitation. If you are hosting your own graduation party separate from the ceremony, you can include party details in your graduation announcement. While many students receive gifts from friends and relatives for their graduation, the proper etiquette is to include a line in your announcement stating that presents are not required.

Business decision making question paper Term Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Business decision making question - Term Paper Example The Principal-agent relationship refers to a contractual or non contractual relationship between two persons or parties (principle and an agent) whereby the principle authorise the agent to act on his or her behalf to establish a legal relationship with the third party. An agent may make non-optimal solution (irrational decision) to a problem facing him or her especially when undertaking tasks that are useful to the principle but costly to him or her. If the cost of running the project is higher on the side of the agent, the principle may undertake to compensate the agent by paying him or her more benefits or supervise the agent more keenly to protect project’s interests from those of the agent. Thus promote a more rational decision making approach. Satisficer is a person who seeks a satisfactory solution as compared to the optimal (rational) solution. This kind of a solution is arrived at when it becomes too costly or when resources are not adequate to arrive at an optimal solution. Therefore, the decision maker tries to select solutions that meet a specific need or solutions that seems to address most of his or her needs. For example, there is a task for sewing a patch onto a military uniform. The best needle to do the sewing is a four and half (4.5) inch long needle with a three (3) millimetre eye. However, the correct needle is hidden in a hay stack along with 2000 needles of different sizes. It will be extremely hard, waste of energy and time to find the exact needle. Therefore, a satisfying solution is to pick the first needle that can sew the patch. Tricky Dicky Enterprises is considering the possibility of expanding its factory premises. Local elections will soon take place and the firm assume that pay-offs will vary as follows depending on the outcome of the election: Assume that the probability of Party A winning the

Impact of Tourism on the Quality of Life on the Citizens of the Essay

Impact of Tourism on the Quality of Life on the Citizens of the Historic Center of Venice, Italy - Essay Example To achieve this primary objective, the first step is to survey and record the present distribution of retail shops and the type of primary goods such as food and other daily commodities sold therein. The number of shops that predominantly sell tourist-oriented goods would be recorded and a â€Å"touristization index† would be formulated to estimate the prevalence of tourist-oriented shops in the region. Another index, viz. â€Å"shopping comfort† would also be formulated to measure the quality of life based on the importance and necessity of products sold in these retail shops, the accessibility of the stores, the number of people of different age groups in each shop’s vicinity, average price of basic goods etc. Once these indices are computed, the shopping landscape of Venice from the time of World War II (1945) to 2005 would be recreated. This will facilitate the study of the evolution of the retail landscape of Venice in 60 years, and will also equip the resea rchers with enough data to help in identifying the trends in its evolution. The research problem that this study wishes to address is whether tourism has influenced the quality of life of people living in Venice, by affecting its retail sector. The study wishes to ascertain whether shops selling basic and daily commodities have been replaced by tourist-oriented shops selling artifacts and souvenirs, thereby affecting the common people’s daily lives. Access to shops selling foodstuff and other necessities, the age of individuals living in the shop’s vicinity and the distances travelled to procure goods for daily needs will thus be assessed by the study. research problem that this study wishes to address is whether tourism has influenced the quality of life of people living in Venice, by affecting its retail sector. The study wishes to ascertain whether shops selling basic and daily commodities have been replaced by tourist-oriented shops selling artifacts and souvenirs, thereby affecting the common people’s daily lives. Access to shops selling foodstuff and other necessities, the age of individuals living in the shop’s vicinity and the distances travelled to procure goods for daily needs will thus be assessed by the study. The study also intends to propose alternatives, and public and private interventions to stop or even reverse the trends, in case they are found to have a negative impact on the people’s quality of life. II. Research Paradigm The proposed research aims at challenging popular claims that increasing tourism in Venice has led to the replacement of shops selling goods of basic necessity with shops selling tourist-related goods such as souvenirs and apparel. Although this has been the common perception of local citizens since the past 30 years, the belief is largely anecdotal and is not backed by quantitative or qualitative evidence. Moreover, no investigation has been done until date on the type of local stores t hat have been running and those that have been shut down since the second World War. Therefore, the belief that tourism has negatively impacted the people’s quality of life by changing the retail scene is based on unconfirmed assumptions. The researchers thus wish to challenge the hypothesis that â€Å"Venice is becoming a harder and more costly place to live in, where souvenir shops have displaced stores providing primary necessities to the aging local population†. It is expected that this hypothesis will either be confirmed or decried after the successful completion of the proposed study. If the hypothesis is confirmed, potential solutions will be proposed. However, if the hypothesis were disproved, it would result in a paradigm shift in the local perception